域名的8种状态
1、 ACTIVE:活动状态。由Registry设置;该域名可以由Registrar更改;可以续费;至少被指派一个DNS。
2、 REGISTRY-LOCK:注册局锁定。由注册局设置;该域名不可以由注册商更改、删除;必须由注册局解除此状态才可以由注册商更改域名信息;域名可以续费;如果域名被指派至少一个DNS则可以包含在(域名根服务器)的区域中(可以正常使用)。
3、 REGISTRY-HOLD:注册局保留。由注册局设置;该域名不可以由注册商更改、删除;必须由注册局解除此状态才可以由注册商更改域名信息;域名可以续费;该域名不包括在(域名根服务器)的区域中(不能正常使用)。
4、 REGISTRAR-LOCK:注册商锁定。由该域名的原始注册商设置;该域名不可以被更改或删除;必须由注册商解除此状态才可以更改域名信息;该域名可以续费。该域名包含在(域名根服务器)的区域中(可以正常使用)。
5、 REGISTRAR-HOLD:注册商保留。由该域名的原始注册商设置;该域名不可以被更改或删除;必须由注册商解除此状态才可以更改域名信息;该域名可以续费。该域名不包括在(域名根服务器)的区域中(不能正常使用)。
6、 REDEMPTIONPERIOD:宽限期。当注册商向注册局提出删除域名请求后,由注册局将域名设置称此状态,不过,条件是该域名已经注册了5天以上(如果该域名注册时间不足5天,则立即删除);该域名不包括在(域名根服务器)的区域中(不能正常使用);该域名不可以被更改或清除,只可以被恢复;任何其他注册商提出对此域名的更改或其他请求都将被拒绝;该状态最多保持30天。
7、 PENDINGRESTORE:恢复未决。当注册商提出将处于REDEMPTIONPERIOD的域名恢复请求后,由注册局设置;该域名包含在(域名根服务器)的区域中(可以正常使用);注册商提出的更改或任何其他请求都将被拒绝;在7天之内,有注册商向注册局提供必需的恢复文件,如果注册商在7天之内提供了这些文件,该域名将被置为ACTIVE状态,否则,该域名将重新返回到REDEMPTIONPERIOD状态。
8、 PENDINGDELETE:删除未决。如果一个域名在被设置成REDEMPTIONPERIOD状态期间内,注册商没有提出恢复请求,那么,域名将被置于PENDINGDELETE状态,注册商对此域名的任何请求都将被拒绝;5天之后清除。
Google.cn已经302去香港了
3月23日消息,据国外媒体报道,谷歌周一宣布,已正式关闭中国内地网站Google.cn,同时将用户重新定向到谷歌香港网站。
北京时间3月23日凌晨3时零3分,谷歌公司高级副总裁、首席法律官大卫·德拉蒙德公开发表声明,再次借黑客攻击问题指责中国,宣布停止对谷歌中国搜索服务的“过滤审查”,并将搜索服务由中国内地转至香港。
谷歌称:“履行我们不再对Google.cn进行审查的承诺很难,我们希望全世界尽可能多的网民访问到我们的服务,其中包括中国内地用户。但是,在整个谈判过程中,中国政府的态度很明确,自我审查是一个不可商量的法律规定。”
谷歌表示:“我们相信,这种通过谷歌香港网站(Google.com.hk)提供未经审查的简体中文搜索服务的做法是可行的,而且完全合法,将在很大程度上提升中国网民所访问的信息量。”
谷歌还表示:“我们十分希望中国政府能够尊重我们的决定。”另外,关闭Google.cn网站后,谷歌在内地的研发和销售团队将予以保留。
受该决定影响,谷歌在内地的一部分员工可能将失业,但知情人士称,大部分员工仍将继续为香港网站Google.com.hk服务。
google跳转
bear@bear-laptop:~$ curl -I www.g.cn HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently Location: http://www.google.cn/webhp?source=g_cn Date: Tue, 23 Mar 2010 03:51:48 GMT Expires: Tue, 23 Mar 2010 03:51:48 GMT Cache-Control: private, max-age=2592000 Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8 Server: gws Content-Length: 235 X-XSS-Protection: 0
google302去香港了,不是301,哈哈
bear@bear-laptop:~$ curl -I www.google.cn HTTP/1.1 302 Found Location: http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=p&cki=PREF%3DID%3Dd83b4d507eefd755:FF%3D2:LD%3Dzh-CN:NW%3D1:TM%3D1269316321:LM%3D1269316321:S%3DGFQBLG4qIPsWAO51&q=http://www.google.com.hk/&ust=1269316351043237&usg=AFQjCNERVTkZUumndQ1a34tTuFj4UFHGcw Cache-Control: private Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8 Set-Cookie: PREF=ID=d83b4d507eefd755:NW=1:TM=1269316321:LM=1269316321:S=rcWSYLH01KNeQF_W; expires=Thu, 22-Mar-2012 03:52:01 GMT; path=/; domain=.google.cn Set-Cookie: NID=33=h6A0wWWNC8Lv83l8JJzytNn7No3_LZ_vsJvYRPdOW6Hxvye_kwKOS3XRm5jPFvgACIiQ7lLsA_-9QjFbQo2OEqyiUzM7GtqkwMB8BUh6WS6WIFkSoggDjgUKulmrp1EW; expires=Wed, 22-Sep-2010 03:52:01 GMT; path=/; domain=.google.cn; HttpOnly Date: Tue, 23 Mar 2010 03:52:01 GMT Server: gws Content-Length: 445 X-XSS-Protection: 0 bear@bear-laptop:~$ date 2010年 03月 23日 星期二 11:52:39 CST
给ubuntu9.10下的nginx安装nagios监控
1 开权限
root@njava:~# sudo -s root@njava:~# useradd -m -s /bin/bash nagios root@njava:~# passwd nagios Enter new UNIX password: Retype new UNIX password: passwd: password updated successfully root@njava:~# groupadd nagios groupadd: group 'nagios' already exists root@njava:~# usermod -G nagios nagios root@njava:~# groupadd nagcmd root@njava:~# usermod -a -G nagcmd nagios root@njava:~# usermod -a -G nagcmd www-data root@njava:~#
2 下软件
root@njava:~# axel http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/nagios/nagios-3.2.1.tar.gz root@njava:~# axel http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/nagiosplug/nagios-plugins-1.4.14.tar.gz root@njava:~# tar -xzvf nagios-3.2.1.tar.gz
3 编译设置
root@njava:~# cd nagios-3.2.1 root@njava:~/nagios-3.2.1# ./configure --with-command-group=nagcmd root@njava:~/nagios-3.2.1# make all root@njava:~/nagios-3.2.1# make install root@njava:~/nagios-3.2.1# make install-init root@njava:~/nagios-3.2.1# make install-config root@njava:~/nagios-3.2.1# make install-commandmode
4 安装apache配置,对nagios无用
root@njava:~/nagios-3.2.1# make install-webconf
5 配置nginx
root@njava:~/nagios-plugins-1.4.14# cat /etc/nginx/sites-available/nagios server { listen 80; server_name nagios.njava.com; access_log /var/log/nginx/nagios.access.log; location / { root /usr/local/nagios/share; index index.php; } location ~ \.php$ { fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; set $path_info "/"; set $real_script_name $fastcgi_script_name; if ($fastcgi_script_name ~ "^(.+?\.php)(/.+)$") { set $real_script_name $1; set $path_info $2; } fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nagios/share/$real_script_name; fastcgi_param script_name $real_script_name; fastcgi_param path_info $path_info; include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params; } location /nagios/images { alias /usr/local/nagios/share/images; } location /nagios/stylesheets { alias /usr/local/nagios/share/stylesheets; } location /cgi-bin { alias /usr/local/nagios/sbin; } location ~ \.cgi$ { root /usr/local/nagios/sbin; rewrite ^/cgi-bin/(.*)\.cgi /$1.cgi break; fastcgi_index index.cgi; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; include nginx_fcgi_params; fastcgi_read_timeout 5m; fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/nginx-fcgi.sock; }
6 安装Nagios Plugins
root@njava:~# tar -xzvf nagios-plugins-1.4.14.tar.gz root@njava:~# cd nagios-plugins-1.4.14 root@njava:~/nagios-plugins-1.4.14# ./configure --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios ... ... --with-apt-get-command: /usr/bin/apt-get --with-ping6-command: /bin/ping6 -n -U -w %d -c %d %s --with-ping-command: /bin/ping -n -U -w %d -c %d %s --with-ipv6: yes --with-mysql: no --with-openssl: yes --with-gnutls: no --enable-extra-opts: no --with-perl: /usr/bin/perl --enable-perl-modules: no --with-cgiurl: /nagios/cgi-bin --with-trusted-path: /bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin --enable-libtap: no root@njava:~/nagios-plugins-1.4.14# make && make install
7 启动nagios相关设置
root@njava:~/nagios-plugins-1.4.14# ln -s /etc/init.d/nagios /etc/rcS.d/ S99nagios
9 nagios设置
用户登录验证
root@njava:~/nagios-plugins-1.4.14#vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/cgi.cfg use_authentication=0
CGI工作目录
root@njava:~/nagios-plugins-1.4.14#vi /usr/local/nagios/share/config.inc.php $cfg['cgi_base_url']='/cgi-bin';
8 效验nagios执行nagios
root@njava:~/nagios-plugins-1.4.14# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg Things look okay - No serious problems were detected during the pre-flight check root@njava:~/nagios-plugins-1.4.14# /etc/init.d/nagios start
参考:
1 http://nagios.sourceforge.net/docs/3_0/quickstart-ubuntu.html
Nginx0.8.34 支持 CGI
1 安装FCGI
root@njava:~# wget http://www.cpan.org/modules/by-module/FCGI/FCGI-0.67.tar.gz root@njava:~# tar -zxf FCGI-0.67.tar.gz root@njava:~#cd FCGI-0.67 root@njava:~/FCGI-0.67# perl Makefile.PL root@njava:~/FCGI-0.67# make && make install root@njava:~/FCGI-0.67# cd ..
2 安装FCGI-ProcManager
root@njava:~# wget http://search.cpan.org/CPAN/authors/id/G/GB/GBJK/FCGI-ProcManager-0.18.tar.gz root@njava:~#tar -zxf FCGI-ProcManager-0.18.tar.gz root@njava:~#cd FCGI-ProcManager-0.18 root@njava:~/FCGI-ProcManager-0.18#perl Makefile.PL root@njava:~/FCGI-ProcManager-0.18#make && make install root@njava:~/FCGI-ProcManager-0.18#cd ..
3 安装IO-ALL
root@njava:~#wget http://search.cpan.org/CPAN/authors/id/I/IN/INGY/IO-All-0.39.tar.gz root@njava:~# tar zxf IO-All-0.39.tar.gz root@njava:~#cd IO-All-0.39 root@njava:~/IO-All-0.39# perl Makefile.PL root@njava:~/IO-All-0.39# make && make install
4 安装nginx-fcgi脚本
root@njava:~#wget http://www.nginx.eu/nginx-fcgi/nginx-fcgi.txt root@njava:~#mv nginx-fcgi.txt /usr/sbin/nginx-fcgi root@njava:~# chmod +x /usr/sbin/nginx-fcgi
不以root权限执行脚本,注释nginx-fcgi
#if ( $> == "0" ) { # print "\n\tERROR\tRunning as a root!\n"; # print "\tSuggested not to do so !!!\n\n"; # exit 1; #}
5启动nginx-fcgi
nginx-fcgi -l /var/log/nginx/nginx-fcgi.log -pid /var/run/nginx-fcgi.pid -S /var/run/nginx-fcgi.sock chown www-data:www.data /var/run/nginx-fcgi.sock
注意nginx-fcgi.sock的权限让nginx的执行账户有权读写
6 复制fastcgi_params一份用来设置nginx_fcgi_params
root@njava:~#cp /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params /etc/nginx/nginx_fcgi_params root@njava:~#vi /nginx/nginx_fcgi_params #fastcgi_param REDIRECT_STATUS 200;
7 代理cgi设置
server { listen 80; server_name njava.com; location ~ ^/cgi-bin/.*\.cgi$ { root /home/bear/njava/test; fastcgi_index index.cgi; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; include nginx_fcgi_params; fastcgi_read_timeout 5m; fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/nginx-fcgi.sock; } }
8 完工
discuz在Nginx0.8.34下的伪静态规则
discuz论坛在Nginx下的rewrite规则,修改完后restart nginx
bear@bear-laptop:/etc/nginx/sites-available$ vi bbs.njava server { listen 80; server_name bbs.njava.com; access_log /var/log/nginx/bbs.njava.access.log; location / { root /home/bear/Sites/bbs.njava; index index.html index.htm index.php; rewrite ^(.*)/archiver/((fid|tid)-[\w\-]+\.html)$ $1/archiver/index.php?$2 last; rewrite ^(.*)/forum-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)\.html$ $1/forumdisplay.php?fid=$2&page=$3 last; rewrite ^(.*)/thread-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)\.html$ $1/viewthread.php?tid=$2&extra=page%3D$4&page=$3 last; rewrite ^(.*)/profile-(username|uid)-(.+)\.html$ $1/viewpro.php?$2=$3 last; rewrite ^(.*)/space-(username|uid)-(.+)\.html$ $1/space.php?$2=$3 last; rewrite ^(.*)/tag-(.+)\.html$ $1/tag.php?name=$2 last; } location ~ \.php$ { fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; set $path_info "/"; set $real_script_name $fastcgi_script_name; if ($fastcgi_script_name ~ "^(.+?\.php)(/.+)$") { set $real_script_name $1; set $path_info $2; } fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /home/bear/Sites/bbs.njava/$real_script_name; fastcgi_param script_name $real_script_name; fastcgi_param path_info $path_info; include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params; } }
nginx 0.8.34以fastcgi方式运行php
1 安装spawn-fcgi
bear@bear-laptop:~$sudo apt-get install php5-cli php5-cgi php5-xcache build-essential bear@bear-laptop:~$ sudo apt-get install spawn-fcgi
很多地方都说要先安装lighttpd,不用这样,可以直接安装 spawn-fcgi
2 增加fastcgi控制脚本
bear@bear-laptop:/usr/bin$ sudo vi /etc/init.d/php-fastcgi #!/bin/bash SCRIPT=/usr/bin/spawn-fcgi NAME=php-fastcgi DESC=Spawn-fcgi case "$1" in start) echo -n "Starting $DESC: " $SCRIPT -a 127.0.0.1 -p 9000 -u www-data -g www-data -f /usr/bin/php5-cgi -P /var/run/$NAME.pid|| true echo "$NAME." ;; stop) echo -n "Stopping $DESC: " killall -9 php5-cgi echo "$NAME." ;; restart) echo -n "Stopping $DESC: " killall -9 php5-cgi sleep 1 echo "Starting $DESC: " $SCRIPT -a 127.0.0.1 -p 9000 -u www-data -g www-data -f /usr/bin/php5-cgi -P /var/run/$NAME.pid|| true echo "$DESC." ;; *) echo "Usage: $NAME {start|stop|restart}" exit 1 ;; esac exit 0
3 开机启动
bear@bear-laptop:/usr/bin$ sudo gedit /etc/rc.local /etc/init.d/php-fastcgi start
ubuntu9.10安装nginx0.8.34
源里的是nginx0.7.62,决定把他升级到nginx0.8.34
1 卸载nginx0.7.62
bear@bear-laptop:~/$ sudo apt-get remove nginx
2 安装编译环境
bear@bear-laptop:~/soft/nginx-0.8.34$ sudo sudo apt-get install build-essential libpcre3-dev libssl-dev libxslt-dev libgd2-xpm-dev libgeoip-dev
4 下载nginx0.8.34
bear@bear-laptop:~/soft$ axel http://nginx.org/download/nginx-0.8.34.tar.gz bear@bear-laptop:~/soft$ tar -xzvf nginx-0.8.34.tar.gz
5 下载upstream fair 模块
bear@bear-laptop:~/soft$ wget http://github.com/gnosek/nginx-upstream-fair/tarball/master bear@bear-laptop:~/soft$ tar -xzvf gnosek-nginx-upstream-fair-2131c73.tar.gz
6 编译
bear@bear-laptop:~/soft$ cd nginx-0.8.34/ bear@bear-laptop:~/soft/nginx-0.8.34$ ./configure --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \--error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log --pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid --lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/lib/nginx/body --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/lib/nginx/proxy --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/lib/nginx/fastcgi --with-debug --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-mail --with-mail_ssl_module --with-ipv6 --with-http_realip_module --with-http_geoip_module --with-http_xslt_module --with-http_image_filter_module --with-sha1=/usr/include/openssl --with-md5=/usr/include/openssl --add-module=../gnosek-nginx-upstream-fair-2131c73 .... ... Configuration summary + using system PCRE library + using system OpenSSL library + md5: using OpenSSL library + using sha1 library: /usr/include/openssl + using system zlib library nginx path prefix: "/usr/local/nginx" nginx binary file: "/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx" nginx configuration prefix: "/etc/nginx" nginx configuration file: "/etc/nginx/nginx.conf" nginx pid file: "/var/run/nginx.pid" nginx error log file: "/var/log/nginx/error.log" nginx http access log file: "/var/log/nginx/access.log" nginx http client request body temporary files: "/var/lib/nginx/body" nginx http proxy temporary files: "/var/lib/nginx/proxy" nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "/var/lib/nginx/fastcgi" bear@bear-laptop:~/soft/nginx-0.8.34$ make bear@bear-laptop:~/soft/nginx-0.8.34$ sudo make install make -f objs/Makefile install make[1]: 正在进入目录 `/home/bear/soft/nginx-0.8.34' test -d '/usr/local/nginx' || mkdir -p '/usr/local/nginx' test -d '/usr/local/nginx/sbin' || mkdir -p '/usr/local/nginx/sbin' test ! -f '/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx' || mv '/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx' '/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx.old' cp objs/nginx '/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx' test -d '/etc/nginx' || mkdir -p '/etc/nginx' cp conf/koi-win '/etc/nginx' cp conf/koi-utf '/etc/nginx' cp conf/win-utf '/etc/nginx' test -f '/etc/nginx/mime.types' || cp conf/mime.types '/etc/nginx' cp conf/mime.types '/etc/nginx/mime.types.default' test -f '/etc/nginx/fastcgi_params' || cp conf/fastcgi_params '/etc/nginx' cp conf/fastcgi_params '/etc/nginx/fastcgi_params.default' test -f '/etc/nginx/fastcgi.conf' || cp conf/fastcgi.conf '/etc/nginx' cp conf/fastcgi.conf '/etc/nginx/fastcgi.conf.default' test -f '/etc/nginx/nginx.conf' || cp conf/nginx.conf '/etc/nginx/nginx.conf' cp conf/nginx.conf '/etc/nginx/nginx.conf.default' test -d '/var/run' || mkdir -p '/var/run' test -d '/var/log/nginx' || mkdir -p '/var/log/nginx' test -d '/usr/local/nginx/html' || cp -r html '/usr/local/nginx' test -d '/var/log/nginx' || mkdir -p '/var/log/nginx' make[1]:正在离开目录 `/home/bear/soft/nginx-0.8.34' bear@bear-laptop:~/soft/nginx-0.8.34$
7 修改 /etc/init.d/nginx 脚本
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin DAEMON=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx NAME=nginx DESC=nginx test -x $DAEMON || exit 0 # Include nginx defaults if available if [ -f /etc/default/nginx ] ; then . /etc/default/nginx fi set -e . /lib/lsb/init-functions test_nginx_config() { if /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t then return 0 else return $? fi }
8 update-rc脚本
sudo update-rc.d -f nginx defaults
9 over
给ubuntu9.10的fastcgi方式的php增加eaccelerator0.9.6加速
1 安装编译环境
root@njava:~# sudo apt-get install build-essential php5-dev
2 安装eaccelerator
root@njava:~# axel http://bart.eaccelerator.net/source/0.9.6/eaccelerator-0.9.6.tar.bz2 root@njava:~# tar -xjvf eaccelerator-0.9.6.tar.bz2 root@njava:~#cd eaccelerator-0.9.6.tar.bz2 root@njava:~#sudo /usr/bin/phpize root@njava:~/eaccelerator-0.9.6# ./configure -enable-eaccelerator=shared -with-php-config=/usr/bin/php-config root@njava:~/eaccelerator-0.9.6# make root@njava:~/eaccelerator-0.9.6# make install Installing shared extensions: /usr/lib/php5/20060613+lfs/ root@njava:~/eaccelerator-0.9.6# mkdir /tmp/eaccelerator root@njava:~/eaccelerator-0.9.6# chmod 777 /tmp/eaccelerator/ root@njava:~/eaccelerator-0.9.6# vi /etc/php5/conf.d/eaccelerator [eaccelerator] zend_extension="/usr/lib/php5/20060613+lfs/eaccelerator.so" #extension="eaccelerator.so" eaccelerator.shm_size="128" eaccelerator.cache_dir="/tmp/eaccelerator" eaccelerator.enable="1" eaccelerator.optimizer="1" eaccelerator.check_mtime="1" eaccelerator.debug="0" eaccelerator.filter="" eaccelerator.shm_max="0" eaccelerator.shm_ttl="300" eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="120" eaccelerator.shm_only="0" eaccelerator.compress="1" eaccelerator.compress_level="9"
nginx-0.8.34配置ZendOptimizer-3.3.9
ubuntu9.10下把apache2干掉了,代码编译安装0.8.34,php以fastcgi方式运行,配置ZendOptimizer的方法
root@njava:~# axel http://downloads.zend.com/optimizer/3.3.9/ZendOptimizer-3.3.9-linux-glibc23-i386.tar.gz root@njava:~# cp ZendOptimizer-3.3.9-linux-glibc23-i386/data/5_2_x_comp/ZendOptimizer.so /usr/lib/php5/20060613+lfs/ root@njava:~# vi /etc/php5/cgi/conf.d/zendoptimizer.ini extension=ZendOptimizer.so :wq root@njava:~# /etc/init.d/nginx restart
64位的地址
root@njava:~# axel http://downloads.zend.com/optimizer/3.3.9/ZendOptimizer-3.3.9-linux-glibc23-x86_64.tar.gz
nginx的301跳转
今天把vps上的apache换成了nginx,需要对wordpress进行了301重定向,把www.njava.com和njava.com进行合并,通过判断nginx核心变量host来实现:
server { server_name www.njava.com njava.com ; if ($host != 'www.njava.com' ) { rewrite ^/(.*)$ http://www.njava.com/$1 permanent; }